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56 pages 1 hour read

Viet Thanh Nguyen

The Sympathizer

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2015

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Chapters 13-15Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 13 Summary

When the narrator drops by unannounced at Ms. Mori’s apartment for a sexual encounter, he is surprised to find Sonny, his former college classmate and current newspaper editor, there, in what appears to be a romantic involvement. Disappointed that Ms. Mori is not alone, and even more disappointed that she appears to have a serious boyfriend, the narrator is forced to keep up appearances and endure a few drinks with them.

The narrator halfheartedly tells them about some of his experiences filming The Hamlet in the Philippines. As they consume more and more alcohol, the narrator is increasingly belligerent toward Sonny, interrogating him on a sensitive subject: Why did Sonny not return to Vietnam after his education to fight for the revolutionary ideals he espoused so fiercely? This question, in essence, draws attention to the hypocrisy of Sonny, the well-educated man of big ideas but little action (215). Rather than getting angry at the accusation, Sonny agrees with the narrator—he regrets not returning to Vietnam, but his home is in America now. Ms. Mori affectionately defends Sonny against the narrator, saying that he “stood up for the people” and that she is proud of him (217).

Meanwhile, the General begins a covert training program on the outskirts of Los Angeles; this army will be dispatched on a mission to Thailand. The narrator confiscates a napkin on which the General sketched the organization of this army, and later sends it to Man by way of the Parisian aunt. The men, haggard though they may be, are happy to have renewed purpose. As Bon says in an epic speech, “What’s crazy is living when there’s no reason to live. What am I living for? A life in our apartment? That’s not a home. It’s a jail cell without bars” (223). The narrator tries to convince Bon to stay in America, to not go on the mission to Thailand for it is almost certain death. Bon responds, “I’m dying because this world I’m living in isn’t worth dying for! If something is worth dying for, then you’ve got a reason to live” (224). The narrator acknowledges that this is true.

Chapter 14 Summary

The General is suspicious of Sonny after he publishes a newspaper article entitled “Move On, War Over” about the General’s non-profit organization, Benevolent Fraternity of Former Soldiers of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. To the public, the Fraternity is just a non-profit to support Vietnamese immigrants, but Sonny’s article suggests that the group has ulterior motives to return to Vietnam and overthrow the Communist regime (which, indeed, is true). The article includes pictures of the General’s troops practicing formation. The General insists that Sonny is becoming very troublesome, and pressures the narrator to agree “something must be done” about Sonny.

The narrator, knowing his fellow Communists will ambush the recon troop in Thailand, wants to somehow save Bon from this certain-death fate: “With no idea how I would manage to betray Bon and save him at the same time, I searched for inspiration in the bottom of a bottle” (229). The narrator thinks that perhaps if he accompanies Bon to Thailand, despite having absolutely no combat skills, he might be able to save him.

The narrator and Bon attend Fantasia, a performance revue featuring Lana, the General’s daughter. Bon is in good spirits, which reminds the narrator of when they first became friends. In a flashback to the narrator’s childhood, we learn the origin story of Bon, Man, and the narrator’s friendship. The narrator is being bullied for being different when, without prompting, Man stands up to the crowd on his behalf. “He’s one of us,” Man claims. When the bullies do not listen and continue to taunt the narrator, physical fighting ensues. Bon jumps forth from the teeming crowd to help defend Man and the narrator. When the fight fizzles out, the boys are elated because they “had passed some mysterious test, one that separated us from the bullies on the one side and the cowards on the other” (233). That night, the boys sneak out of their dormitories and seal their friendship with a blood oath, leaving each of them with an identical scar across the palm of his hand.

The narrator and Bon are enjoying themselves at Fantasia, a performance geared toward refugees, which makes the narrator nostalgic for Vietnam. After Lana’s performance, the narrator makes his move by buying her a drink and offering her a cigarette. When Lana accepts a second cigarette, the narrator’s confidence is “boosted immeasurably, so he continues in his pursuit of her” (242). Lana and the narrator flirt and chat, and soon Bon joins them. When Lana asks how his wife and child are, Bon begins to weep—a rare occurrence for such a reserved man, the narrator notes. The chapter concludes with Lana embracing Bon in an attempt to comfort him.

Chapter 15 Summary

The narrator reports to Bon that his courtship of Lana is intensifying; they even spend time alone in her apartment. Bon worries what will happen when the General learns—and he will learn, Bon insists—of their romance.

Later that night, the General and the narrator attend a private dinner at a country club with the Congressman and several other prominent businessmen, elected officials, and lawyers, as well as one notable academic, Richard Hedd, author of Asian Communism and the Oriental Mode of Destruction. The unspoken purpose of this dinner is to get the attention of Dr. Hedd, because a good word from him “can open doors and pocketbooks for your cause” (250). Intentionally, the General and the narrator are seated on either side of Dr. Hedd.

The objective of the dinner party, then, is for the narrator and General to curry favor from Dr. Hedd for the South Vietnamese cause. This proves complicated, as Dr. Hedd seems to believe, now that the Communists have overtaken Vietnam, there are more pressing matters to be worried about. “The General,” however, “was deeply familiar with the nature, nuances, and internal differences of white people, as was every nonwhite person who had lived here a good number of years” (258). Thus, the General is able to reason with him intelligibly. Ultimately, the narrator wins Dr. Hedd over by using his characteristic double-speak to both agree and disagree with Dr. Hedd at the same time. Dr. Hedd raises a glass to toast the narrator, and the group retires to a backroom gentlemen’s club. 

Chapters 13-15 Analysis

The narrator’s alcoholism is readily apparent at this point: “Vodka on ice was so transparent, so clear, so powerful, it inspired its drinkers to be the same. I swallowed the rest of mine, preparing myself for the bruises sure to come” (215). Since the narrator uses alcohol as a salve to temporarily heal wounds of a more spiritual nature, the more complicated and troublinghis story becomes, the more alcohol he drinks.

Once again, the narrator’s double-vision allows him to sympathize, even with the enemy: “Though they were my enemies, I understood their soldiers’ hearts, beating with the belief that they had fought bravely” (223). From this perspective, there are no heroes and no villains, no matter what they do.

In these chapters, Bon’s dissatisfaction with his life in America seems to be reaching a breaking point. Bon expresses his dissatisfaction and his willingness to die in a seemingly contradictory way, characteristic of most refugees (and especially the narrator) in the book: “I’m dying because this world I’m living in isn’t worth dying for! If something is worth dying for, then you’ve got a reason to live” (224). Once Bon has decided to go to Thailand, once he has a mission, albeit one that practically guarantees death, Bon is happy to have his purpose restored: “Bon, having decided to die, was finally showing signs of life” (232).

At the dinner party with the Congressman and Dr. Hedd in chapter 15, the narrator’s talent for navigating and manipulating any audience with double-speak and contradictory truths is on full display. What’s more, the narrator realizes at the dinner table that Dr. Hedd also has bifurcated identity that likely gives him the power of double-speak, too: “I had forgotten he [Dr. Hedd] was an English immigrant. He kept his quadrascopic vision turned on me, those dual eyes and dual lenses unsettling” (254).The narrator’s final challenge of the evening comes when Dr. Hedd asserts that life is not important to the Oriental, that they do not put the same high price on life as the Westerner. If Asians do not value life, the implication goes, then they are not worth white men’s time, money, or effort. In order to gain Dr. Hedd’s favor (and his money), the narrator must carefully somehow disagree with him without offending, but also while also convincing him otherwise. The narrator’s two-minded talent saves him, as he responds, “Life actually is valuable to the Oriental…But you see, gentlemen, while life is only valuable to us—life is invaluable to the Westerner” (261). The table, and especially Dr. Hedd, is won over by this turn of phrase that points to a contradictory truth. 

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