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70 pages 2 hours read

Fannie Flagg

The All-Girl Filling Station's Last Reunion

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2013

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Chapters 60-79Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 60 Summary: “Ruby Tuesday”

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of gender discrimination.

In the present, Sookie wears a disguise to her next session with Dr. Shapiro. She explains the rumor going around about them having an affair. Dr. Shapiro compliments her for commitment to their sessions even though her mother told her not to continue. On the way home, she feels proud of herself for making progress, even if she still wants to meet further out of town so they won’t be spotted.

Chapter 61 Summary: “New Castle Army Air Base”

At the New Castle Army Air Base in Wilmington, Delaware, Fritzi describes to Billy in a letter how she doesn’t think her sister Sophie should join the WASPs because she won’t like their lifestyle. Fritzi herself has been busy making deliveries. 

She also relays how some people don’t understand that she and other women pilots work for the military, mistaking them for Girl Scout leaders or Red Cross volunteers. One restaurant refused to serve them because they were wearing pants and not skirts. On another occasion, a group of WASPs were stopped when they landed at an airbase in Georgia because the military police thought they’d stolen a US military plane. They hadn’t heard of the government’s WASP initiative.

Chapter 62 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

In a letter, Fritzi explains to Sophie that she shouldn’t join the WASPs because it is so strict, and conditions can be rough. It is hard work, often requiring that they fly in stormy weather and get up at dawn. There are also many men that she worries may take advantage of Sophie’s soft nature. She and Gertrude are tougher. She closes by saying that she loves her sister.

Chapter 63 Summary: “The Decision”

Sophie decides to join the WASPs, thinking she can handle all of the challenges Fritzi described. Linka reluctantly gives her blessing, saying that the war has taken so many of her children.

Five days later, Sophie arrives in Sweetwater, and Gertrude awaits her, even though, with Sophie’s arrival, she knows she’ll have to start going to church on Sundays again.

Chapter 64 Summary: “Lenore’s At It Again”

Despite the fact that the late-night news typically upsets Lenore, she starts watching it again. She calls Netta at 6:18 am and suggests that democracy is no longer functioning in American society. She’s considering declaring herself mayor.

Three minutes later, Netta calls Sookie and warns her about Lenore’s idea. Sookie goes over to Lenore’s house. She fears that her mother’s actions will warrant a lawsuit.

Later, Sookie thinks about how busy Thanksgiving is going to be. She will cook, since Lenore refuses to go to North Carolina. However, Sookie doesn’t want to make stuffing from scratch, and she resolves to order it, even if her mother complains.

Chapter 65 Summary: “Newark, New Jersey”

Fritzi writes a letter to Billy and describes how she managed to land in New Jersey despite the bad weather. Two other men tried and flipped their planes. A third ran into a fence. However, with the weather so terrible, she and her friend were stuck in New Jersey, so they went to see a Broadway show.

Chapter 66 Summary: “Avenger Field”

Fritzi writes to Wink and describes how she stopped off at Avenger Field in Texas. She saw Sophie and Gertrude. Her mechanic friend also commented on how she and her sisters are always able to tell what’s wrong with an engine even before the mechanics look at it. The news also ran a story about their family, since there are now four flying Jurdabralinskis working for the US government.

Chapter 67 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

In a letter to Billy, Fritzi talks about the new B-29 plane that has some engine problems. A lot of men are afraid to fly it, so a lieutenant colonial secretly trained women to do it. When men saw this, they agreed to get over their concerns.

Chapter 68 Summary: “Thanksgiving Day”

At Thanksgiving, Lenore insists on using the Simmons family silver. However, she doesn’t notice that Sookie ordered stuffing from a restaurant. After dinner, Sookie takes a walk with her brother Buck and asks if he knew she was adopted. He says that he found out in high school when their father told him. Their dad gave him a letter in case anyone asked about Sookie’s birth certificate. Lenore had a fake one made in Mexico, and it lists Lenore as her mother. Their father had written a letter confessing to having the birth certificate made since it was done illegally, just in case anyone tried to arrest Lenore. Buck also says it doesn’t matter that Sookie was adopted since she’s always been his sister.

The next morning, Buck’s wife says she’s impressed Buck kept a secret for so long. She didn’t even know. Sookie is amazed at how coincidental it is that she ended up being Lenore’s daughter and Buck’s sister. Lenore could’ve easily adopted someone else. She guesses it was just supposed to work out this way.

A few days later, Buck sends along the confession letter from their father.

Chapter 69 Summary: “Brownsville, Texas”

It is July 1945, and Lenore Simmons is in Brownsville, Texas. She’s been married for 11 years and hasn’t been able to have a child. She feels embarrassed that the rest of her friends have children, but she doesn’t. When her housekeeper suggests going to Dallas to an orphanage, she does.

After visiting with toddlers, Lenore specifically asks to see a baby girl. One of the staff members says that there is only one, but there’s another couple already interested. Lenore insists that they see her in case the other couple changes their mind. When Lenore cradles the baby, she comments that she seems to look just like her. It is love at first sight.

Chapter 70 Summary: “The Forgery”

In 1945, Alton is furious at Lenore for having a fake birth certificate made since he’s an officer in the army. Lenore emphasizes how important it is to her that Sarah Jane “Sookie” Krackenberry have some documentation of being a Simmons. Lenore thinks that because Sookie’s birth certificate does not list a father, it will hinder her in life. Alton finally gives up his campaign to have the certificate destroyed.

They arrive home two months later. Sookie seems large for a two-month baby, but it’s because Lenore insisted on making her birthday the day she was adopted, even though Sookie is already nine months old. A year later, Lenore is surprised to be pregnant with Buck.

Lenore’s family also has a history of lying about parental circumstances. Her father and grandmother lied to her about her mother, who had not died in childbirth but who had left when Lenore was five.

Chapter 71 Summary: “The Irishman”

In Scott Field, Illinois, in 1944, Fritzi writes to Billy and recounts a night out with her friends. She doesn’t tell him that she ran into Joe O’Connor, whom she’d known in Pulaski, and that she’d slept with him.

Chapter 72 Summary: “Wartime Romance”

Fritzi starts delivering the P-47 to other US air bases. It is the heaviest plane that WASPs fly, but the cockpit can only hold one pilot. It quickly becomes her favorite to fly.

She meets a lot of men, and so does her friend Willy. However, Fritzi doesn’t want to have any more one-night stands, and Willy is engaged. Romance follows her, though, and she arrives back in Long Beach to three letters from her sister Tula and one from her mother.

Chapter 73 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

Fritzi apologizes for not writing Billy in a while. In the same letter, she recounts how Gertrude’s fiancé visits the Jurdabralinskis on leave from the army and falls in love with Tula. They want to get married. Fritzi delivers the news to Gertrude, who is thrilled because she had already fallen out of love with Nard. Sophie is also in love with a British pilot.

Fritzi herself has been delivering planes three or four times daily from San Francisco to Long Beach.

Chapter 74 Summary: “Yoga Soup”

Sookie comes clean to Marvaleen that Dr. Shapiro is her psychiatrist. Marvaleen suggests doing yoga because early childhood trauma can manifest in stress on the body. Sookie starts to wonder if it would help.

She remembers being seven years old when her mother wrote, directed, and acted in a pageant she titled The Saga of the Simmons of Selma. Sookie was in it too and was terrified on stage. She had also done a beauty pageant.

She goes to a yoga class.

Chapter 75 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

Fritzi writes to Wink, describing how big his son is getting. She also praises how hard Americans are working to support the troops abroad, specifically those working in factories to make planes.

Chapter 76 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

In a letter to Billy, Fritzi recalls a scenic flight she took recently. She can’t imagine not flying. She’s been thinking about Billy, and she admits that while she used to not think about settling down, it’s been on her mind lately. She misses him.

Chapter 77 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

Fritzi writes to her mother, sharing news of her sisters in Sweetwater. One was chosen to fly to tow target in Camp Davis, which means she’ll fly a plane and pull a target behind her for target practice. Only the best pilots were chosen.

Chapter 78 Summary: “Long Beach, California”

Fritzi is going to Biloxi, Mississippi, and she asks Billy if he can meet her for a few days.

Chapter 79 Summary: “The Bubba Gump Shrimp, Co.”

Sookie meets Dr. Shapiro at a Bubba Gump Shrimp Co., but she flees into the restroom when she sees Pearl Jeff, one of her mother’s friends. Dr. Shapiro grows concerned and, not knowing who Pearl is, asks her to check the women’s restroom to see if Sookie is alright. He doesn’t say that it’s Sookie. Pearl goes in, but Sookie doesn’t respond.

After Pearl and her friends leave, Dr. Shapiro asks the waitress to go in, and she returns with a note from Sookie. It apologizes for her behavior and promises to explain next week.

Sookie waits for a while longer to come out in case Pearl is in the parking lot. She feels like she can’t get away from her mother in the small town.

Chapters 60-79 Analysis

The revelation of Lenore’s trip to Texas is a critical moment in the novel, adding a new dimension to the theme of Complicated Relationships Between Mothers and Daughters. It is the first time that readers can see Lenore’s perspective. Lenore’s sense that “she had failed to have a child” (247) shows how she experienced societal pressures as she watched her friends and peers have children while she remained unable to conceive. This sense of failure contrasts with the Lenore of the present, who is loud and proud of herself and her family. Revealing this more vulnerable side to Lenore’s character thus humanizes her, making her a round character as well as an antagonist

Additionally, since much of the narrative so far has shown the trouble that Lenore gives Sookie about every aspect of her life, the two chapters in Brownsville, Texas, demonstrate how much Lenore loved Sookie. While Sookie might assume that “Lenore had wanted a daughter, and Sookie had been available,” she doesn’t know that her mother used her characteristic determination to take that particular baby home with her simply because “[f]rom the first moment Lenore saw her, she was in love, and the other couple never stood a chance” (248). Lenore’s purposefulness emphasizes how special she thought Sookie was from the start, even if she doesn’t always show it.

Throughout the novel, Sookie contemplates whether her anxiety is just part of who she is or if it is the result of being Lenore’s daughter. While the question of her anxiety’s origins is never resolved, her anxiety continues to control her behavior, such as when she wears a disguise to her session with Dr. Shapiro. Being willing to go to such lengths suggests the strength of Lenore’s impact on Sookie, and the claustrophobia that Sookie sometimes feels in a small town where everyone knows her mother. 

However, Dr. Shapiro’s reminder that she has still made progress by coming shows that Sookie is moving in the right direction and is “not allowing what someone may think or may not think deter [her] from doing what [she] want[s]” (225). For Sookie, who feels like a wallflower whose life has been determined by others, this step is huge. She is taking action to control her own life. In doing so, she is also forging a new, healthier relationship with Lenore.

Fritzi’s letters to Billy and Sophie about Sophie joining the WASPs are very important moments in the novel, since if Sophie had not joined, she never would have died in a plane crash. However, Flagg includes this as part of the narrative of how almost all of the Jurdabralinski sisters served during World War II, while also foreshadowing the importance of Sophie to Sookie. Moreover, at this point, readers know that one of the sisters dies, and so adding Sophie to the WASPs adds another possibility as Flagg continues to build toward Fritzi’s revelation that not only was Sophie Sookie’s mother, but also that her death was no accident.

The theme of Navigating Fear and Fun at Home During Wartime also appears in this section when Sophie opts to become a WASP. Linka’s thoughts about the war “taking” children away highlights how many American families during World War II lost their children to the effort, even if some ultimately did come home. For these families who sent children into the armed forces, the war was a time filled with apprehension, as they never knew when they would hear from or see their children again.

Even though WASPs are celebrated in some places, others still can’t contemplate the possibility that women could be pilots. The fact that they are “taken for everything from Girl Scout leaders to stewardesses to Red Cross volunteers. And most good restaurants won’t let [them] in” (227) builds on the theme of The US as a Land of Opportunity and Restriction. There are many times when women are treated with respect only when their behavior conforms with traditional stereotypes about women and their role in society. Fritzi actively works to thwart these norms, attempting to pave a new way for women. Her treatment by those who hold these stereotypical beliefs shows how even her prowess as a pilot does not always earn respect from others, even though her ability to land in a storm when male pilots couldn’t shows her capability.

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